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To comprehend what chromosomes are, you initially need to comprehend what DNA is. Officially known as deoxyribonucleic corrosive, DNA is a perplexing particle found in all plants and creatures. It's found in pretty much every cell of a life form's body, and it contains all the data important to keep that creature ready for action (and creating and imitating). DNA likewise is the essential way living beings pass on genetic data. During the time spent generation, a bit of DNA is passed along from parent to posterity. To put it plainly, DNA is the thing that recounts to the account of your absolutely one of a kind science.
As you can likely envision, DNA must be truly long to hold such significant information. What's more, it is — on the off chance that you extended the DNA in only one cell right to its full length, it would be about 6.5 feet (2 meters) in length, and in the event that you put the DNA in the entirety of your cells together, you'd have a chain about double the distance across of the close planetary system.
Fortunately, cells are truly shrewd and have a bright method for bundling all that data into space-proficient packages. Enter: the chromosome.
With its name established in the Greek words for shading (chroma) and body (soma), the chromosome is a cell structure (or body) that researchers can spot under a magnifying lens by recoloring it with hued colors (get it?). Every chromosome is comprised of protein and — you got it — DNA.
Each chromosome contains precisely one atom of DNA, to be accurate, and that long string of hereditary data is firmly folded over the protein (called a histone), which acts like a spool, productively packaging the extensive, information rich particle into the ideal size and shape to fit inside the core of a phone. Each human cell has 23 sets of chromosomes for a sum of 46 (beside sperm and egg cells, which each contain just 23 chromosomes).
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